Gum disease, or periodontal disease, is caused by plaque buildup that hardens into tartar, leading to inflammation, infection, and possible tooth loss.

Risk factors include smoking, hormonal changes, diabetes, certain medications, and genetics. Early signs, known as gingivitis, include red, swollen, or bleeding gums. If untreated, it can advance to periodontitis, damaging bone and gum tissue.

Preventing gum disease starts with good oral hygiene—daily brushing, flossing, and using antibacterial mouthwash. Regular dental checkups and a healthy diet also promote gum health.

Natural remedies may offer additional support. Saltwater rinses can reduce inflammation, while hydrogen peroxide, tea tree oil, and coconut oil pulling fight bacteria. Baking soda soothes gums, aloe vera promotes healing, and green tea provides antioxidants. Cranberry juice may help prevent bacterial buildup.

Combining proper dental care with these natural methods may reduce your risk and support healthy gums.